What is cor pulmonale?

Cor pulmonale refers specifically to the condition of right-sided heart failure that arises as a direct consequence of chronic lung disease. In this scenario, the lung disease leads to increased resistance in the pulmonary arteries, putting strain on the right ventricle to pump blood against this higher pressure. Over time, this can result in the hypertrophy of the right ventricle, ultimately leading to its failure.

Unlike other options, which either pertain to different aspects of heart conditions or separate types of cardiovascular problems, the focus on right-sided heart failure specifically distinguishes cor pulmonale from conditions affecting the left ventricle, hypertension in the lungs, or arrhythmias. The underlying causes such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or severe pulmonary hypertension are central to understanding cor pulmonale, emphasizing its close relationship with lung function and vascular resistance.